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Computationally-guided drug repurposing enables the discovery of kinase targets and inhibitors as new schistosomicidal agents Giuliani, Sandra Silva, Arthur de Carvalho Borba, Joyce Villa Verde Borba Ramos, Pablo Ivan Pereira Paveley, Ross A. Muratov, Eugene N. Andrade, Carolina Horta Furnham, Nicholas Drogas Quinase Esquistossomicidas Esquistossomose Schistosoma mansoni Resistência a drogas Humanos COMPOSTOS QUÍMICOS E DROGAS [D]::Enzimas e Coenzimas::Enzimas::Transferases::Fosfotransferases COMPOSTOS QUÍMICOS E DROGAS [D]::Ações e Usos de Compostos Químicos::Ações Farmacológicas::Usos Terapêuticos::Anti-Infecciosos::Antiparasitários::Anti-Helmínticos::Antiplatelmínticos::Esquistossomicidas DOENÇAS [C]::Infecções::Doenças Transmitidas por Vetores::Esquistossomose ORGANISMOS [B]::Eucariotos::Animais::Invertebrados::Helmintos::Platelmintos::Trematódeos::Schistosomatidae::Schistosoma::Schistosoma mansoni FENÔMENOS E PROCESSOS [G]::Fenômenos Fisiológicos::Fenômenos Farmacológicos e Toxicológicos::Fenômenos Farmacológicos::Resistência a Medicamentos ORGANISMOS [B]::Eucariotos::Animais::Cordados::Vertebrados::Mamíferos::Eutérios::Primatas::Haplorrinos::Catarrinos::Hominidae::Humanos Medical Research Council (MRC; https://mrc.ukri.org) Research Methodology Fellowship (MRC: MR/K020420). CHA thanks Brazilian funding agencies Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq; http://www.cnpq.br), Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES; http://www.capes.gov.br) and Goias Research Support Foundation (FAPEG; Fapeg.go. gov.br) for financial support and fellowships. ACS and JVVBB are supported by CAPES fellowships. ENM appreciates support from National Institutes of Health (NIH; https://www.nih.gov) (grant 1U01CA207160) and CNPq (grant 400760/2014- 2). CHA is CNPq research fellow and supported by “L’Ore´al-UNESCO-ABC Para Mulheres na Ciência” and “L’Oréal-UNESCO International Rising Talents” (https://www.forwomeninscience.com/en/home). The development of novel therapeutics is urgently required for diseases where existing treatments are failing due to the emergence of resistance. This is particularly pertinent for parasitic infections of the tropics and sub-tropics, referred to collectively as neglected tropical diseases, where the commercial incentives to develop new drugs are weak. One such disease is schistosomiasis, a highly prevalent acute and chronic condition caused by a parasitic helminth infection, with three species of the genus Schistosoma infecting humans. Currently, a single 40-year old drug, praziquantel, is available to treat all infective species, but its use in mass drug administration is leading to signs of drug-resistance emerging. To meet the challenge of developing new therapeutics against this disease, we developed an innovative computational drug repurposing pipeline supported by phenotypic screening. The approach highlighted several protein kinases as interesting new biological targets for schistosomiasis as they play an essential role in many parasite's biological processes. Focusing on this target class, we also report the first elucidation of the kinome of Schistosoma japonicum, as well as updated kinomes of S. mansoni and S. haematobium. In comparison with the human kinome, we explored these kinomes to identify potential targets of existing inhibitors which are unique to Schistosoma species, allowing us to identify novel targets and suggest approved drugs that might inhibit them. These include previously suggested schistosomicidal agents such as bosutinib, dasatinib, and imatinib as well as new inhibitors such as vandetanib, saracatinib, tideglusib, alvocidib, dinaciclib, and 22 newly identified targets such as CHK1, CDC2, WEE, PAKA, MEK1. Additionally, the primary and secondary targets in Schistosoma of those approved drugs are also suggested, allowing for the development of novel therapeutics against this important yet neglected disease. 2018-12-14T12:47:24Z 2018-12-14T12:47:24Z 2018 journal article GIULIANI, S. et al. Computationally-guided drug repurposing enables the discovery of kinase targets and inhibitors as new schistosomicidal agents. PLoS Computational Biology, v. 14, n. 10, p. e1006515, 2018. 1553-734X https://arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/30592 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006515 eng open access application/pdf Public Library of Science