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Etiological treatment of Chagas disease patients with benznidazole lead to a sustained pro-inflammatory profile counterbalanced by modulatory events Azevedo, Ana Carolina Campi Gomes, Juliana de Assis Silva Carvalho, Andréa Teixeira de Lemos, Denise Silveira Avelar, Danielle Marquete Vitelli Avelar, Renato Sathler Magalhães, Vanessa Peruhype Béla, Samantha Rodrigues Ferreira, Karine Silvestre Batista, Mauricio Azevedo Schachnik, Natália Castro de Carvalho Oliveira, Rodrigo Corrêa de Santos, Silvana Maria Elói Martins Filho, Olindo Assis CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO In the present study, we characterized the phagocytic capacity, cytokine profile along with the Fe gamma-R and TLR expression in leukocytes from Chagas disease patients (indeterminate-IND and cardiac-CARD) before and one-year after Bz-treatment (INDT and CARD(T)). A down-regulation of IL-17, IFN-gamma and IL-10 synthesis by neutrophils was observed in CARD(T). The Bz-treatment did not impact on the expression of phagocytosis-related surface molecules or monocyte-derived cytokine profile in INDT. Although CARDT showed unaltered monocyte-phagocytic capacity, up-regulated expression of Fc gamma-RI/III and TLR-4 may be related to their ability to produce IL-10 and TGF-beta. Down-regulation of lymphocyte-derived cytokine was observed in INDT whereas up-regulated cytokine profile was observed for lymphocytes in CARD(T). Analysis of cytokine network revealed that IND displayed a multifaceted cytokine response characterized by strong connecting axes involving pro-inflammatory/regulatory phagocytes and lymphocytes. On the other hand, CARD presented a modest cytokine network. The Bz-treatment leads to distinct cytokine network: decreasing the links in INDT, with a pivotal role of IL-10(+) monocytes and expanding the connections in CARD(T). Our findings highlighted that the Bz-treatment contributes to an overall immunomodulation in INDT and induces a broad change of immunological response in CARD(T), eliciting an intricate phenotypic/functional network compatible with beneficial and protective immunological events. (C) 2014 2022-01-31T13:46:08Z 2022-01-31T13:46:08Z 2015 journal article AZEVEDO, Ana Carolina Campi et al. Etiological treatment of Chagas disease patients with benznidazole lead to a sustained pro-inflammatory profile counterbalanced by modulatory events. Immunobiology, v. 220, n. 5, p. 564-574, 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.12.006 0171-2985 https://arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/50952 10.1016/j.imbio.2014.12.006 eng restricted access application/pdf Elsevier